Astigmatism is a common refractive error that occurs when the cornea, or the lens inside the eye, has an irregular shape. Instead of being round, it is shaped more like a football, causing blurred or distorted vision. For people with astigmatism, LASIK surgery offers an effective way to correct this condition, improving both clarity and focus.
If you have astigmatism, you may have wondered if LASIK can fix it. The short answer is yes—LASIK surgery can correct astigmatism. In fact, LASIK is a popular solution for people seeking to improve vision affected by this condition, as well as other refractive errors like nearsightedness (myopia) and farsightedness (hyperopia).
This article will explain how LASIK can help correct astigmatism, the process involved, and important considerations before and after LASIK surgery.
How Does LASIK Correct Astigmatism?
LASIK (Laser-Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis) works by reshaping the cornea to correct refractive errors, including astigmatism. During the procedure, a surgeon uses a laser to precisely remove tissue from the cornea, reshaping it into a more symmetrical, round shape. This helps light focus correctly on the retina, leading to clearer vision.
The laser used in LASIK is designed to reshape the cornea in such a way that it compensates for the uneven curvature caused by astigmatism. This allows patients to see clearly without the need for glasses or contact lenses.
The Difference Between PRK and LASIK for Astigmatism
When considering LASIK for astigmatism, it’s essential to understand the difference between LASIK and other laser vision correction procedures, such as PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy).
PRK and LASIK are both laser surgeries aimed at reshaping the cornea, but the procedures differ in their approach.
- LASIK Surgery: During LASIK, a flap is created on the cornea, which is lifted to allow the laser to reshape the underlying corneal tissue. The flap is then repositioned for fast healing. This technique is generally quicker with a shorter recovery time.
- PRK: PRK, on the other hand, involves removing the outer layer of the cornea (the epithelium) before the laser reshapes the tissue. The epithelium regenerates over time, but the recovery is slower compared to LASIK.
While both treatments can correct astigmatism, LASIK is typically preferred for those with moderate to severe astigmatism because it allows for faster recovery and more precise results.
Before LASIK Surgery for Astigmatism: What to Expect
Before undergoing LASIK surgery for astigmatism, your eye doctor will conduct a thorough eye examination. This exam typically includes:
- Corneal Mapping: To measure the curvature of your cornea and determine the extent of your astigmatism.
- Pupil Dilation: To check for any underlying eye conditions.
- Detailed Vision Testing: To assess the degree of astigmatism and other refractive errors.
Your doctor will also discuss your medical history and lifestyle needs to ensure that LASIK is the right choice for you. Certain factors, such as age, eye health, and the stability of your vision, will influence whether LASIK is appropriate.
It’s also crucial to follow your doctor’s advice on things like:
- Stopping Contact Lens Wear: You may be asked to stop wearing contact lenses several weeks before the surgery, as they can temporarily alter the shape of your cornea.
- Avoiding Eye Makeup and Lotion: To reduce the risk of infection or irritation.
- Discussing Medications: Any medication you’re taking will be reviewed, as some may need to be paused prior to surgery.
LASIK Surgery Process for Astigmatism
The LASIK procedure for astigmatism typically takes about 15 to 30 minutes for both eyes. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:
- Preparation: You’ll lie on an exam table, and the eye area will be numbed with topical anesthetic drops. A device will be used to keep your eyes open throughout the procedure.
- Creating the Flap: A small incision is made to create a flap on the cornea. This flap is gently lifted to expose the underlying corneal tissue.
- Laser Reshaping: The laser is used to remove microscopic amounts of corneal tissue, reshaping it to correct the irregularities caused by astigmatism.
- Flap Repositioning: Once the cornea is reshaped, the flap is carefully repositioned. The cornea heals naturally without the need for stitches.
- Post-Operative Care: After the surgery, you will be given eye drops to help prevent infection and reduce inflammation. You may be advised to rest for a few hours following the procedure.
LASIK Enhancement for Astigmatism
While LASIK is highly effective for most people with astigmatism, some individuals may require an enhancement procedure. A LASIK enhancement is a follow-up surgery performed to refine the results of the initial procedure.
If you experience any residual astigmatism or vision changes over time, your doctor may recommend LASIK enhancement. This involves using the laser to adjust the cornea further and improve vision. LASIK enhancements are typically done after the eyes have fully healed from the first surgery, which may take several months.
After LASIK Surgery: What to Expect
The recovery process after LASIK is generally quick. Many people notice an improvement in their vision within a day or two. However, it’s essential to follow your doctor’s post-operative instructions to avoid complications and ensure optimal healing:
- Rest Your Eyes: Avoid strenuous activities and limit screen time in the first few days to allow your eyes to recover.
- Avoid Rubbing Your Eyes: Rubbing your eyes can displace the corneal flap and affect healing.
- Follow Up Appointments: You’ll need to attend follow-up visits to ensure your eyes are healing properly and to check the results of the surgery.
- Use Prescription Eye Drops: These drops help reduce inflammation and prevent infection.
Most patients can return to normal activities, such as driving and working, within a few days. However, full recovery may take several weeks, and some people may experience dry eyes or temporary fluctuations in vision during this time.
Can LASIK Correct Severe Astigmatism?
LASIK is effective for treating mild to moderate astigmatism, but it may be less effective for severe cases. People with high levels of astigmatism may need additional procedures or alternative treatments, such as:
- PRK: For patients with thin corneas or severe astigmatism, PRK may be a better option.
- Toric IOLs: For those with severe astigmatism and presbyopia (age-related farsightedness), toric intraocular lenses (IOLs) may be considered. These lenses are implanted during cataract surgery or as part of a refractive lens exchange.
In any case, your doctor will assess your individual needs and provide guidance on the best approach to correct your astigmatism.
Conclusion
LASIK surgery is a safe and effective option for correcting astigmatism. The procedure reshapes the cornea to allow light to focus properly on the retina, improving vision. If you have astigmatism, LASIK can reduce your dependency on glasses or contact lenses, and in many cases, it offers permanent results. However, it’s important to discuss your specific condition with your eye doctor to determine whether LASIK or another procedure, like PRK, is best for you.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I know if LASIK is the right treatment for my astigmatism?
To determine if LASIK is suitable for correcting your astigmatism, an eye exam and consultation with a qualified ophthalmologist is necessary. The doctor will assess your astigmatism’s severity, the shape and thickness of your cornea, your eye health, and your overall vision history. Candidates for LASIK should have a stable prescription for at least one year, and their corneas must be healthy enough to undergo the procedure.
Can LASIK correct astigmatism and nearsightedness at the same time?
Yes, LASIK can correct both astigmatism and nearsightedness (myopia) simultaneously. In fact, LASIK is a popular option for people who suffer from both conditions. During the surgery, the laser reshapes the cornea to correct the curvature, addressing both astigmatism and nearsightedness. However, the ideal candidates for LASIK must have a stable eye prescription and meet other eligibility criteria.
Is LASIK for astigmatism permanent?
LASIK results are typically long-lasting, but the effects may not be permanent for everyone. Over time, natural age-related changes in the eyes, such as presbyopia or cataracts, can affect vision. Although LASIK permanently reshapes the cornea, some people may experience a slight shift in their vision years after the procedure. For these patients, LASIK enhancement surgery may be an option to restore optimal vision.
What should I do if I develop dry eyes after LASIK for astigmatism?
Dry eyes are a common side effect following LASIK surgery, particularly for those with astigmatism. This condition is usually temporary, but for some, it can persist for several months. Treatment options include lubricating eye drops, prescription medications, or punctal plugs (small devices inserted in the tear ducts to help retain moisture). If you experience prolonged dry eyes, it’s important to discuss your symptoms with your doctor to find an effective solution.
Ready to take the next step toward clearer vision? Schedule a consultation with SuraVision today to discuss your options and learn more about the LASIK process. Call us at 713-730-2020 or book your appointment online!